The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
However, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.
